Hydrogen Derivatives of Hydro Carbons

Ethyl Bromide

It is colourless and used as a local anaesthesia and in organic synthesis .

Chloroform (CHCL₃):-

Discovered by Leibig , used as an anaesthetic in surgery .

Always stored in dark coloured bottle as it get oxidised with the sunlight and form a poisonous gas known as PHOSGENE .

It reacts with concentrated HNO3 to form CHLOROPICRIN, a poisonous gas used in water.

Carbon Tetrachloride (CCL₄) :-

Used as an fire extinguisher , used as an solvent for the fats, oils in the industry.

Perfluoro Carbons ( PFC):-

Used as and electric insulator, lubricants , dielectric , heat transfer media in high voltage.

Freon :-

The chlorofluorocarbon compound of methane and ethane are collectively known as FREON.

They are produced by the refrigerator , A.C and propellants .

The cause the depletion of ozone.

Dichloro Diphenyl Trichloro Ethane(DDT) :-

Discovered by Paul Muller and it is used as an insecticide , widely used against the mosquito and lice.

It is highly stable and is not decomposed easily in the environment that why it is banned in several country.

P-dichloro benzene :-

Used as insecticides, germicide and in deodorant and moth repellent.

Alcohols

Methyl Alcohol (CH₃OH) :-

Known as wood spirit or wood naphtha.

Used for denaturing of alcohol (methylated spirit is denatured ethyl alcohol ).

Used as alcohol-petrol fuel , automobile antifreeze mixtures and in the manufacturing of drugs , dyes and perfume sets.

Ethyl Alcohols (C₂H₅OH):-

Known as alcohol, spirit of wine or grain alcohol.

Used as solvent in paint industry.

Ethylene Glycol :-

Used as anti freeze in automobile radiator and as a cooling agent in aeroplanes instead of water.

Its dinitrate is used as an explosive with trinitroglycerine.

Glycrol :-

Present in almost all the animal and vegetable oil and fats as glycerides.

It is hygroscopic in nature and used in the manufacturing of the cosmetic and transparent soaps , as a lubricant for watches and clocks .

Phenol :-

Commonly known as carbolic acid or benzenol and prepared by the middle oil fraction of coal tar.

Used in the preparation of drugs such as salol, aspirin , salicylic acid and phenacetin .