## Stocks & Shares

### Stocks & Shares

1. Stock Capital:
The total amount of money needed to run the company is called the stock capital.

2. Shares or Stock:
The whole capital is divided into small units, called shares or stock.
For each investment, the company issues a 'share-certificate', showing the value of each share and the number of shares held by a person. The person who subscribes in shares or stock is called a share holder or stock holder.

3. Dividend:

he annual profit distributed among share holders is called dividend.
Dividend is paid annually as per share or as a percentage.

4. Face Value:
The value of a share or stock printed on the share-certificate is called its Face Value or Nominal Value or Par Value.

5. Market Value:
The stock of different companies are sold and bought in the open market through brokers at
stock-exchanges. A share or stock is said to be:

i. At premium or Above par, if its market value is more than its face value.

ii. At par, if its market value is the same as its face value.

iii. At discount or Below par, if its market value is less than its face value.

Thus, if a Rs. 100 stock is quoted at premium of 16,

then market value of the stock = Rs.(100 + 16) =Rs. 116.
Likewise, if a Rs. 100 stock is quoted at a discount of 7, then market value of the stock = Rs. (100 -7) = 93.

6. Brokerage:
The broker's charge is called brokerage.
(i) When stock is purchased, brokerage is added to the cost price.
(ii) When stock is sold, brokerage is subtracted from the selling price.

Remember:
i. The face value of a share always remains the same.
ii. The market value of a share changes from time to time.
iii. Dividend is always paid on the face value of a share.
iv. Number of shares held by a person
=Total Investment
=Total Income
=Total Face Value
.
Investment in 1 share Income from 1 share Face of 1 share
7. Thus, by a Rs. 100, 9% stock at 120, we mean that:
i. Face Value of stock = Rs. 100.
ii. Market Value (M.V) of stock = Rs. 120.
iii. Annual dividend on 1 share = 9% of face value = 9% of Rs. 100 = Rs. 9.
iv. An investment of Rs. 120 gives an annual income of Rs. 9.
v. Rate of interest p.a = Annual income from an investment of Rs. 100
=9 x 100 % = 7
1%120 2

Example Question

In order to obtain an income of Rs. 650 from 10% stock at Rs. 96, one must make an
investment of:
A. Rs. 3100
B. Rs. 6240
C. Rs. 6500
D. Rs. 9600
Explanation:
To obtain Rs. 10, investment = Rs. 96.
To obtain Rs. 650, investment = Rs.
96 x 650 = Rs. 6240.
10
2.
A man bought 20 shares of Rs. 50 at 5 discount, the rate of dividend being 13 . The rate of
interest obtained is:
A. 121%2
B. 131%2
C. 15%
D. 162%3

Explanation:
Investment = Rs. [20 x (50 - 5)] = Rs. 900.
Face value = Rs. (50 x 20) = Rs. 1000.
Dividend = Rs.27 x 1000 = Rs. 135.2  100
Interest obtained = 135 x 100 %= 15% 900
Q3.
Which is better investment: 11% stock at 143 or 9 % stock at 117?
A. 11% stock at 143
B. 9
3
% stock at 117
4
C. Both are equally good
D. Cannot be compared, as the total amount of investment is not given.
Explanation:
Let investment in each case be Rs. (143 x 117).
Income in 1st case = Rs.
11
x 143 x 117 = Rs. 1287.
143
Income in 2nd case = Rs.
39
x 143 x 117 = Rs. 1394.25
4 x 117
Clearly, 9
3
% stock at 117 is better.
4
4. A man buys Rs. 20 shares paying 9% dividend. The man wants to have an interest of 12% on his
money. The market value of each share is:
A. Rs. 12
B. Rs. 15
C. Rs. 18
D. Rs. 21
Explanation:
Dividend on Rs. 20 = Rs.
9
x 20 = Rs.
9
.
100 5
Rs. 12 is an income on Rs. 100.
Rs.
9
is an income on Rs.
100
x
9
= Rs. 15.
5 12 5
5.
By investing in 16 % stock at 64, one earns Rs. 1500. The investment made is:
A. Rs. 5640
B. Rs. 5760
C. Rs. 7500
D. Rs. 9600
Explanation:
To earn Rs.
50
, investment = Rs. 64.
3
To earn Rs. 1500, investment = Rs. 64 x
3
x 1500 = Rs. 5760.
50
6. A 6% stock yields 8%. The market value of the stock is:
A. Rs. 48
B. Rs. 75
C. Rs. 96
D. Rs. 133.33
Explanation:
For an income of Rs. 8, investment = Rs. 100.
For an income of Rs. 6, investment = Rs.
100
x 6 = Rs. 75.
8
Market value of Rs. 100 stock = Rs. 75.
7. A man invested Rs. 4455 in Rs. 10 shares quoted at Rs. 8.25. If the rate of dividend be 12%, his
annual income is:
A. Rs. 207.40
B. Rs. 534.60
C. Rs. 648
D. Rs. 655.60
Explanation:
Number of shares =
4455
= 540.
8.25
Face value = Rs. (540 x 10) = Rs. 5400.
Annual income = Rs.
12
x 5400 = Rs. 648.
100
8. Rs. 9800 are invested partly in 9% stock at 75 and 10% stock at 80 to have equal amount of
incomes. The investment in 9% stock is:
A. Rs. 4800
B. Rs. 5000
C. Rs. 5400
D. Rs. 5600
Explanation:
Let the investment in 9% stock be Rs. x.
Then, investment in 10% stock = Rs. (9800 - x).
9
x x =
10
x (9800 - x)
75 80
3x = 9800 - x
25 8
24x = 9800 x 25 - 25x
49x = 9800 x 25
x = 5000.
9. A man invests some money partly in 9% stock at 96 and partly in 12% stock at 120. To obtain
equal dividends from both, he must invest the money in the ratio:
A. 3 : 4
B. 3 : 5
C. 4 : 5
D. 16 : 15
Explanation:
For an income of Re. 1 in 9% stock at 96, investment = Rs.
96
= Rs.
32
9 3
For an income Re. 1 in 12% stock at 120, investment = Rs.
120
= Rs. 10.
12
Ratio of investments =
32
: 10 = 32 : 30 = 16 : 15.
3
10. By investing Rs. 1620 in 8% stock, Michael earns Rs. 135. The stock is then quoted at:
A. Rs. 80
B. Rs. 96
C. Rs. 106
D. Rs. 108
Explanation:
To earn Rs. 135, investment = Rs. 1620.
To earn Rs. 8, investment = Rs.
1620
x 8 = Rs. 96.
135
Market value of Rs. 100 stock = Rs. 96.
11. A man invested Rs. 1552 in a stock at 97 to obtain an income of Rs. 128. The dividend from the
stock is:
A. 7.5%
B. 8%
C. 9.7%
D. None of these
Explanation:
By investing Rs. 1552, income = Rs. 128.
By investing Rs. 97, income = Rs.
128
x 97 = Rs. 8.
1552
Dividend = 8%
12. A 12% stock yielding 10% is quoted at:
A. Rs. 83.33
B. Rs. 110
C. Rs. 112
D. Rs. 120
Explanation:
To earn Rs. 10, money invested = Rs. 100.
To earn Rs. 12, money invested = Rs.
100
x 12 = Rs. 120.
10
Market value of Rs. 100 stock = Rs. 120.
13. The market value of a 10.5% stock, in which an income of Rs. 756 is derived by investing Rs.
9000, brokerage being %, is:
A. Rs. 108.25
B. Rs. 112.20
C. Rs. 124.75
D. Rs. 125.25
Explanation:
For an income of Rs. 756, investment = Rs. 9000.
For an income of Rs.
21
, investment = Rs.
9000
x
21
= Rs. 125.
2 756 2
For a Rs. 100 stock, investment = Rs. 125.
Market value of Rs. 100 stock = Rs. 125 -
1
= Rs. 124.75
4
14.
The cost price of a Rs. 100 stock at 4 discount, when brokerage is
1
% is:
4
A. Rs. 95.75
B. Rs. 96
C. Rs. 96.25
D. Rs. 104.25
Explanation:
C.P. = Rs. 100 - 4 +
1
= Rs. 96.25
4
15. Sakshi invests a part of Rs. 12,000 in 12% stock at Rs. 120 and the remainder in 15% stock at Rs.
125. If his total dividend per annum is Rs. 1360, how much does he invest in 12% stock at Rs.
120?
A. Rs. 4000
B. Rs. 4500
C. Rs. 5500
D. Rs. 6000
Explanation:
Let investment in 12% stock be Rs. x.
Then, investment in 15% stock = Rs. (12000 - x).
12
x x +
15
x (12000 - x) = 1360.
120 125
x
+
3
(12000 - x) = 1360.
10 25
5x + 72000 - 6x = 1360 x 50
x = 4000.